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Re: NIH PR: Annual Report Shows Continuing Decline in U.S. Cancer Incidence ...
I wondered the same thing. Given a 15 to 30 year latency, it seems to me
this at least shows that nukes aren't responsible for much (if any) cancer.
Are there any cancers related to low-level exposure whose incidence has
increased?
Ruth Weiner
ruth_weiner@msn.com
-----Original Message-----
From: BobCherry@aol.com <BobCherry@aol.com>
To: Multiple recipients of list <radsafe@romulus.ehs.uiuc.edu>
Date: Monday, May 15, 2000 10:42 AM
Subject: Fwd: NIH PR: Annual Report Shows Continuing Decline in U.S. Cancer
Incidence ...
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>How does this correlate with nuclear power production?
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>Date: Mon, 15 May 2000 09:10:07 -0700
>From: Mike Grissom <mikeg@SLAC.Stanford.EDU>
>Subject: NIH PR: Annual Report Shows Continuing Decline in U.S. Cancer
> Incidence and Death Rates; Special Section Focuses on Colorectal Cancer
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>medhp-sec'ers,
>
>The National Institute of Health (NIH) has posted the
>following press release "Annual Report Shows
>Continuing Decline in U.S. Cancer Incidence and Death
>Rates; Special Section Focuses on Colorectal Cancer"
>which may be of special interest for those involved with
>radiation oncology and patient relations:
>
>
>----------
>National Cancer Institute
>National Institutes of Health
>
>EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE
> 4 p.m. EDT
> Sunday, May 14, 2000
>CONTACTS:
> National Cancer Institute
> (301) 496-6641
> American Cancer Society
> (212) 382-2169
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
> (770) 488-5131
> North American Association of Central Cancer
> Registries
> (217) 698-0800
>Press Release
>
> Annual Report Shows Continuing Decline in
> U.S. Cancer Incidence and Death Rates; Special
> Section Focuses on Colorectal Cancer
>
>The rate of new cancer cases and deaths for all cancers
>combined as well as for most of the top 10 cancer sites
>declined between 1990 and 1997 in the United States,
>according to a new report released today by the
>National Cancer Institute (NCI), the American Cancer
>Society (ACS), the North American Association of
>Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR), and the Centers
>for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), including the
>National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). A special
>section of the report focusing on colorectal cancer
>shows declines in incidence rates despite low use of
>screening tests for the disease.
>
>The "Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of
>Cancer, 1973-1997, with a Special Section on
>Colorectal Cancer" is published in the May 15, 2000
>issue of Cancer*.
>
>"These findings underscore the remarkable progress
>we've made against cancer," said NCI Director Richard
>D. Klausner, M.D. At a February 2000 hearing before
>the House Subcommittee on Labor-HHS-Education
>Appropriations, Klausner noted that "the leveling off of
>cancer deaths in the population in the past few years
>despite the increase in the size of the American
>population is encouraging."
>
>The report shows that the incidence rate -- the number
>of new cancer cases per 100,000 persons per year -- for
>all cancers combined declined on average 0.8 percent
>per year between 1990 and 1997. Using a new
>statistical technique called joinpoint analysis,
>researchers described changing trends over successive
>segments of time, and the amount of increase or
>decrease within each time period, as opposed to
>relying on overall trends. Thus, the greatest incidence
>decrease, at a rate of 1.3 percent per year, occurred
>after 1992, the year in which incidence rates peaked.
>This trend reversed a pattern of increasing incidence
>rates from 1973 to 1992.
>
>"Cancer death rates have been falling since 1991 and
>since 1995 that decline has been even more rapid," said
>John R. Seffrin, Ph.D., chief executive officer, American
>Cancer Society. "This gives us great hope that in the
>new millennium, our dreams of conquering cancer are
>closer than ever to becoming a reality." Cancer mortality
>declined 0.8 percent for the period from 1990 to 1997.
>
>By far, the greatest decline in cancer incidence rates
>has been among men, who overall have higher rates of
>cancer than women. The report analyzed data for white,
>black, Asian/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska
>Native, and Hispanic populations and noted large
>differences in cancer incidence by race and ethnicity,
>with incidence rates highest for blacks for the top four
>cancer sites except for breast cancer.
>
>Four cancer sites -- lung, prostate, breast, and colon
>and rectum -- accounted for slightly over half of all new
>cancer cases and were also the leading causes of
>cancer deaths for every racial and ethnic group. Trends
>for those primary sites show that rates are going down
>for prostate cancer incidence and mortality.
>
>Breast cancer incidence rates have shown little change
>in the 1990s, while breast cancer death rates have
>declined about 2 percent per year since 1990 and have
>dropped sharply since 1995.
>
>Incidence trends in lung cancer increased from 1973
>until 1991, but have since declined. Lung cancer
>mortality continues to increase for females but has
>been declining for men since 1990.
>
>Incidence and death rates for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
>among women are continuing to increase, while
>incidence rates for melanoma for both sexes combined
>have continued to rise about 3 percent annually since
>1981, but death rates have been approximately level
>since 1989.
>
>The report includes a special section on colorectal
>cancer, which for the first time incorporates data from
>selected state and regional cancer registries
>participating in NAACCR's annual Call-For-Data. This
>annual Call covers 49 percent of the U.S. population.
>According to Holly L. Howe, Ph.D., executive director
>of NAACCR, "with the support of its partners, NAACCR
>has been able to help many cancer registries achieve
>uniform and high quality standards. These standards
>make it possible to assemble data from multiple
>registries, leading to a better understanding of cancer
>incidence patterns across the United States."
>
>Colorectal cancer has the third highest incidence of
>any cancer site for U.S. men, ranks second to breast
>cancer for Hispanic, American Indian/Alaska Native,
>and Asian/Pacific Islander women, and ranks third for
>white and black women. The report shows that overall
>incidence increased until 1985 and then began
>decreasing steadily at an average rate of 1.6 percent
>per year. Like incidence, deaths from colorectal
>cancer rank third after lung and prostate cancer for
>men and third after lung and breast cancer for women.
>
>The report also examined long-term trends in mortality
>from 1950 to 1997. For women, mortality rates have
>been declining since at least 1950 while rates for men
>remained fairly level from 1950 to 1980, then began
>declining in the 1980s. The latest five-year relative
>survival rate for colorectal cancer was 61 percent and
>varied by stage. When colorectal cancer is detected in
>the earliest stage of the disease, Stage I, the survival
>rate was 96 percent rate whereas survival for Stage IV
>was only 5 percent.
>
>The prevalence of colorectal cancer screening by either
>fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), sigmoidoscopy, or
>proctoscopy, was based on data collected through the
>National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the
>Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).
>Based on BRFSS results, the use of FOBT by people
>age 50 and older was 21.0 percent in women and 18.4
>percent in men; 35.2 percent of men had either a
>sigmoidoscopy or proctoscopy whereas only 26.8
>percent of women had either procedure. Although
>screening rates were low, data from the NHIS showed
>gradual and modest increases in the use of screening
>procedures for colorectal cancer from 1987 to 1998. The
>percentage of people who reported FOBT two years
>before the interview increased from 30 percent in 1992
>to 33 percent in 1998, with rates varying by income and
>education.
>
>According to James S. Marks, M.D., director, National
>Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health
>Promotion, CDC, "The findings of this Report underscore
>the need to improve rates of colorectal cancer screening.
>This is one cancer where screening clearly has benefits
>by saving lives. In response to low screening rates, CDC
>and its federal partners are pleased to join together in
>the broad-based educational campaign called Screen
>for Life."
>
>The authors of the report suggest that screening and
>advances in treatment have helped reduce mortality
>from the disease. They also found that incidence and
>mortality varied somewhat from state to state.
>Incidence and mortality rates among black men and
>women were higher than among persons of other racial
>and ethnic groups, a disparity which could be reduced
>in the future, perhaps through better screening
>utilization and access to care.
>
>The report is based on incidence data from SEER and
>NAACCR and mortality data from the NCHS. The
>special section on colorectal cancer incorporates data
>from selected state and regional registries participating
>in NAACCR. The ACS, NCI, NAACCR, CDC, and NCHS
>expect to continue monitoring the occurrence of cancer
>in the United States and collaborating in presenting this
>data to the nation.
>
> * The authors of this year's report are Lynn A.G.
> Ries, M.S. (NCI), Phyllis A. Wingo, Ph.D., M.S.
> (ACS), Daniel S. Miller, M.D., M.P.H. (CDC),
> Holly L. Howe, Ph.D. (NAACCR), Hannah K.
> Weir, Ph.D. (CDC), Harry M. Rosenberg, Ph.D.
> (NCHS), Sally W. Vernon, Ph.D. (University of
> Texas), Kathleen Cronin, Ph.D. (NCI), and
> Brenda K. Edwards, Ph.D. (NCI).
>
> # # #
>
>For more information, visit the following Web sites:
>
> SEER Homepage:
>
> http://www.seer.cancer.gov
>
> (This site contains all data points for
> graphs in the manuscript as well as
> supplementary data and charts.)
>
> National Cancer Institute:
>
> http://www.cancer.gov
>
> American Cancer Society:
>
> http://www.cancer.org
>
> CDC's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control:
>
> http://www.cdc.gov/cancer
>
> CDC's National Center for Health Statistics:
>
> http://www.cdc.gov/nchs
>
> NAACCR:
>
> http://www.naaccr.org/
>
> HHS press releases are available on the World
> Wide Web at:
>
> http://www.hhs.gov
>
> # # #
>
>For more information about cancer, visit NCI's Web site
>for patients, public, and the mass media at:
>
> http://www.cancer.gov .
>
>
>----------
>The above may be viewed on the NCI Web site at
>URL:
>
> http://rex.nci.nih.gov/INTRFCE_GIFS/MASSMED_INTR_DOC.htm
>
>
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