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RE: [Fwd: [graffis-l] Plutonium cancer risk may be higher than thought]



Brian and other Radsafers



We have heard for decades that plutonium is the "most hazardous element know

to man", but the ICRP says the natural thorium is more hazardous based on

activity and effective dose. I have always assumed that the ICRP's doses and

risks were a better measure of hazard than hearsay.



Are there some new results that need to be reviewed, and will these be in

the "leaked" New Scientist article? Note that I didn't say New Scientist

publication!



John

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  -----Original Message-----

  From: owner-radsafe@list.vanderbilt.edu

[mailto:owner-radsafe@list.vanderbilt.edu]On Behalf Of Brian Rees

  Sent: July 19, 2004 12:22 PM

  To: radsafe@list.vanderbilt.edu

  Subject: Re: [Fwd: [graffis-l] Plutonium cancer risk may be higher than

thought]





  Now how is the danger from plutonium so much more dangerous than the

myriad other low level sources of radiation that we're exposed to, at levels

that dwarf the exposure from plutonium?  How do they account for that?  Or

am I missing the point?  (I'm not, these are rhetorical questions)



  (Obviously) my own personal opinion.



  Brian Rees



  At 03:46 PM 7/18/2004, you wrote:



    I had thought that plutonium was considered to be the most hazardous

substance known to man. Now we find it is even much more dangerous than

that. Considering that over ten tons of Pu was released to the environment

during atmospheric nuclear explosives testing and everyone has been exposed

to it, I guess we are all doomed! Too bad--- I was hoping to live forever.







      -------- Original Message --------



      Subject: [graffis-l] Plutonium cancer risk may be higher than thought



      Date: Sun, 18 Jul 2004 08:03:34 -0400



      From: Mark Graffis <mgraffis@vitelcom.net>



      Reply-To: graffis-l@yahoogroups.com



      To: x3 <graffis-l@yahoogroups.com>









New Scientist



09:30 18 July 04



http://www.newscientist.com/news/news.jsp?id=ns99996152



Exclusive from New Scientist Print Edition. Subscribe and get 4 free

issues.





Plutonium may be many times more dangerous than previously thought.

The



cancer risk from exposure inside the body could be 10 times higher

than is



allowed for in calculating international safety limits.



The danger is highlighted in a report written by radiation experts

for the



UK government, which has been leaked to New Scientist. The experts

are



unanimous in saying that low-level radiation emitted by plutonium may

cause



more damage to human cells than previously believed. Their opinion

could



provoke a rethink of the guidelines on exposure to radiation.



Several tonnes of plutonium have been released into the environment

over the



last 60 years by nuclear weapons tests and nuclear plants.



Concern over the harmfulness of plutonium is growing because of

discoveries



about the subtle effects of low-level radiation. Researchers in

Europe and



North America have shown that the descendants of cells that seem to

survive



radiation unharmed can suffer delayed damage, a phenomenon called

"genomic



instability" (New Scientist print edition, 20 January 2001).





Bystander effect





Cells adjacent to those that are irradiated can also sustain damage,

known



as "the bystander effect". And an increase was found in the

number of



mutations in small pieces of DNA called mini-satellites that are

passed from



one generation to the next. The fear is that these effects could

trigger



cancers and other ill effects.



The report, which is due to be published in the next few months, has

been



drawn up by the Committee Examining Radiation Risks from Internal

Emitters



(CERRIE). The committee includes 12 specialists from the UK

government's



National Radiological Protection Board, the nuclear industry,

universities



and environmental groups.



All members of the committee agree that the margin of uncertainty

over the



risks of plutonium and similar radionuclides inside the body

"could extend



over at least an order of magnitude".



This "should be borne in mind by those making judgements and

policy



decisions on low-level internal radiation", says CERRIE's

chairman, Dudley



Goodhead, the former director of the UK Medical Research Council's

Radiation



and Genome Stability Unit at Harwell in Oxfordshire.





Rob Edwards











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