Re: Dirty Bomb Rescue Worker

["Gerry Blackwood" <gpblackwood@justice.com>]

One last link....This link is very comprehensive to

emergency management including the nuclear sciences.



http://www.twotigersonline.com/resources.html



Gerry Blackwood





On Tue, 16 Dec 2003 11:39:04 +0300, Jose Julio Rozental

wrote:















 Reference Radsafe: my comment on Dirty Bomb -

Limitation of occupational exposure in emergencies, 29

Oct 2003

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/radsafe/0310/msg00265.htmlNevertheless the  inquire, was made directly to the USA

Radsafers community, applying national limit

regulation, let me add the following comment: *

Accidents - Dose Limits do not apply - Exposures can be

limited by design, protective measures and emergency

response procedures. * The limitation of occupational

exposure in emergencies.Let us consider the ICRP

recommendations-GOING TO ICRP 60, 1990

1)  - Dose limits do not apply in case of 

intervention (see 113) page 28 - Principles (a) and (b)

can lead to intervention 

levels which give 

guidance to the situations in which intervention is 

appropriate. There will be some level of projected dose

above which , because of 

serious deterministic effects, 

interventions will almost always 

justified.

 

2) - The limitation of occupational exposure in 

emergencies (see 6.3.2)  (224) page 52 and S(50) page

76 Occupational exposures 

directly due an accident 

can be limited only by the design of the plant and 

its protective features and by the provision of

emergency

procedures. Ideally, the aim should be to keep the

doses within those 

permitted in normal conditions, but, while this usually

possible, it may not 

always be 

so in serious accidents.(225) besides the exposures

resulting directly from 

the accident, there will be exposures of emergency

teams during emergency 

and remedial actions.Even in serious accidents, these

can be limited by 

operational controls. The doses incurred are likely to

be higher than in normal 



situations and should be treated separately from any

normal doses. 

Emergencies involving significantexposures of emergency

teams are rare, so some 



relaxation of controls for normal situations can be

permitted in serious 

accidents without lowering the long-term level of

protection. This relation 

should not

 permit the exposures in the control of the accident

and in the 

immediate and urgent remedial work to give effective

doses of more than about 

0.5 Sv. except 

for life-saving actions, which can rarely be limitedby

dosimetric 

assessments.The equivalent dose to skin should not be

allowed to exceed about 5 

Sv, again

 except for life saving. Once the emergency is under

control, remedial 

work should be treated as part of the occupational

exposure incurred in a 

practice.

This means:

a) Emergency interventions that may cause doses to

workers in excess of 

thresholds for serious deterministic effects have a

high degree of

justification when they are aimed at saving human life

or preventing very 

large individual doses to members of the public,  well

above the thresholds for 

serious deterministic effects-Life Savings and

preventing severe consequences 

there is no dose limits, dose above thresholds for

deterministic effects is 

allowed;

b) When intervention is aimed at preventing an

escalation of an accident 

that might entail substantial individual or collective

dose to the public, it 

will probably

 still be justified by the expected benefit from the

mitigation of the 

consequences, however, in these circumstances workers

should not be exposed to 

doses

 in excess of the threshold for serious deterministic

effects.

c) Urgent countermeasures and short term recovery

operations: -- No dose 

limits, all reasonable efforts should be made to keep

individual doses 

below 100 mSv

in a year;d) Longer term recovery operations: -- Dose

limits for 

occupational exposures apply;

e) Dose not directly connected with the accident: --

Dose limits for 

occupational exposures apply.

 

 

Jose Julio Rozental

joseroze@netvision.net.il

Israel



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