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Re: New study suggests radon threat may be overestimated



     Hurray for hormesis!


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Subject: New study suggests radon threat may be overestimated
Author:  radsafe@romulus.ehs.uiuc.edu at guardian
Date:    1/12/99 1:53 PM


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NEW YORK (CNN) January 4, 1999 -- A new study into the effects of radon gas 
suggests its cause-and-effect relationship with lung cancer may be 
overestimated. 

Unlike dioxin and other natural pollutants, radon gas is released naturally 
into the environment when weak radioactive elements of rock and soil break 
down into minuscule airborne particles, which often seep into homes. 

"These particles can damage the cells in the lining of our lungs and 
produce lung cancer," said Dr. David Brenner of Columbia University. 

The Environmental Protection Agency has estimated that radon leads to 
20,000 lung cancer deaths each year. But scientists are still uncertain how 
much radon over how long a period causes cancer. 

For years, much of the data available for making such estimates was based 
on information collected from uranium miners, who spent far more time 
underground and were exposed to much more radon than most people. 


Effects less than expected

When Brenner and his colleagues at Columbia bombarded mouse cells with 
low-dose radon, their results differed from earlier studies. 

"This is the first time anyone has been able to look at the cancer risk 
associated with single alpha particles going through cells, and what we saw 
was the effects were in fact rather less than expected," said Dr. Brenner. 

The Columbia University study will be published in the upcoming journal of 
the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 

Although more studies are needed, Brenner and other scientists believe the 
EPA estimate of 20,000 deaths each year is too high. 

"Its probably lower than that, but I doubt very much it's zero," Brenner 
said. "It's a large number of Americans dying each year." 

The EPA estimates 6 million U.S. homes have high levels of radon. Although 
there are no laws regulating radon, the EPA suggests people test their 
homes regularly and get rid of the harmful gas if the level reaches four or 
above on a special scale. 

"The best thing we can do is check our homes," said radon expert Terry 
Howell. "It's very cost-effective and imposes no particular hardship on 
anyone during the test process." 

If a high level of radon is discovered, installing a specialized vent and 
fan for less than $1,500 is usually all it takes to reduce the gas, Howell 
said. 

---------------------------------------------------------------- 
John O. Erickson
john.erickson@hhss.state.ne.us

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>NEW YORK (CNN) January 4, 1999 -- A new study into the effects
of radon gas </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>suggests its cause-and-effect relationship with lung cancer may
be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>overestimated. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Unlike dioxin and other natural pollutants, radon gas is
released naturally </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>into the environment when weak radioactive elements of rock and
soil break </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>down into minuscule airborne particles, which often seep into
homes. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&quot;These particles can damage the cells in the lining of our
lungs and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>produce lung cancer,&quot; said Dr. David Brenner of Columbia
University. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The Environmental Protection Agency has estimated that radon
leads to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>20,000 lung cancer deaths each year. But scientists are still
uncertain how </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>much radon over how long a period causes cancer. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>For years, much of the data available for making such estimates
was based </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>on information collected from uranium miners, who spent far
more time </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>underground and were exposed to much more radon than most
people. </FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Effects less than expected</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>When Brenner and his colleagues at Columbia bombarded mouse
cells with </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>low-dose radon, their results differed from earlier studies.
</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&quot;This is the first time anyone has been able to look at the
cancer risk </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>associated with single alpha particles going through cells, and
what we saw </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>was the effects were in fact rather less than expected,&quot;
said Dr. Brenner. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The Columbia University study will be published in the upcoming
journal of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Although more studies are needed, Brenner and other scientists
believe the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>EPA estimate of 20,000 deaths each year is too high. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&quot;Its probably lower than that, but I doubt very much it's
zero,&quot; Brenner </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>said. &quot;It's a large number of Americans dying each
year.&quot; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The EPA estimates 6 million U.S. homes have high levels of
radon. Although </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>there are no laws regulating radon, the EPA suggests people
test their </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>homes regularly and get rid of the harmful gas if the level
reaches four or </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>above on a special scale. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&quot;The best thing we can do is check our homes,&quot; said
radon expert Terry </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Howell. &quot;It's very cost-effective and imposes no
particular hardship on </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>anyone during the test process.&quot; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>If a high level of radon is discovered, installing a specialized
vent and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>fan for less than $1,500 is usually all it takes to reduce the
gas, Howell </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>said. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>----------------------------------------------------------------
</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>John O. Erickson</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>john.erickson@hhss.state.ne.us</FONT>
</P>

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