[ RadSafe ] Fwd: [New post] Tepco under-reported Fukushima release of plutonium - by 200 times!

Fri Aug 8 08:48:48 CDT 2014

Roger,

There is in fact no need for any "results of the application of the
fast-running US-NRC direct code RASCAL 4.2 to the estimation of the
Fukushima Source Term."

The levels of plutonium have been measured on the ground - as documented in
UNSCEAR Report 13-85418, 2013, Annex A, Table 2.

You can view the relevant text at the following link.  Note especially the
parts underscored in red - both above and below Table 2.

https://db.tt/zxpyXzUk

The report itself can be found here:
http://www.unscear.org/docs/reports/2013/13-85418_Report_2013_Annex_A.pdf

PS. Why don't you come join the discussion at Nukes ?
https://www.facebook.com/groups/nukesgroup/

Cheers,

 Jaro
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

-----Original Message-----
From: radsafe-bounces at health.phys.iit.edu
[mailto:radsafe-bounces at health.phys.iit.edu] On Behalf Of Roger Helbig
Sent: August-08-14 6:37 AM
To: RADSAFE
Subject: [ RadSafe ] Fwd: [New post] Tepco under-reported Fukushima release
of plutonium - by 200 times!

Is there any fact in this assertion?  Since Plutonium does not boil off, how
is it supposedly released from the crippled reactor?  The anti-nukes
constantly focus on uranium and plutonium because those two elements trigger
fear in large numbers of people and they are masters of the art of creating
and manipulating fear.

Roger Helbig

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: nuclear-news <comment-reply at wordpress.com>
Date: Fri, Aug 8, 2014 at 12:05 AM
Subject: [New post] Tepco under-reported Fukushima release of plutonium - by
200 times!
To: rwhelbig at gmail.com

Christina MacPherson posted: "New report estimates 278 trillion Bq of
plutonium released from Fukushima reactors -- Over 200 times higher than
amount reported by Tepco -- "Highly radiotoxic when incorporated into human
body" as it decays http://enenews.com/new-report-estimates-278-trill"
Respond to this post by replying above this line

New post on nuclear-news

Tepco under-reported Fukushima release of plutonium - by 200 times!

by Christina MacPherson

New report estimates 278 trillion Bq of plutonium released from Fukushima
reactors -- Over 200 times higher than amount reported by Tepco -- "Highly
radiotoxic when incorporated into human body" as it decays
http://enenews.com/new-report-estimates-278-trillion-bq-of-plutonium-release
d-from-fukushima-reactors-over-200-times-higher-than-amount-reported-by-tepc
o?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+ENENews+%28Ene
rgy+News%29

Evaluation of the Fukushima Accident Source Term through the fast running
code RASCAL 4.2(pdf),ENEA Bologna Research Centre, May 23,
2014: This Report presents the results of the application of the
fast-running US-NRC direct code RASCAL 4.2 to the estimation of the
Fukushima Source Term. [...] it is plausible that the ventings that TEPCO
announced during the accident as being conducted from the wetwell were, as a
matter of fact and because of the degraded conditions of the plants,
conducted actually from the drywell. [...] wetwell properties imply releases
which can be several oder of magnitudes lower than those from the drywell
[...] it can clearly be seen that the most probable path is the combination
of Drywell+Direct option [...] the true venting path, i.e. from Drywell
instead of from Wetwell, is an extremely important issue. [...] in several
instances when TEPCO tried to operate venting, in order to release pressure
outside the building through the stack, it proved impossible [...] there are
many indications that probably the radioactive material escaped from the
drywell; this may have occurred without TEPCO's immediate knowledge and
because of several factors; for example: structural damages to the pipings
connecting drywell to torus room (vent piping bellows), due either to the
earthquake, and/or to the too violent pressure and temperature increase in
the D/W; leakages through the top head manhole, the top head flange, the
piping penetrations, the electrical wiring penetrations, the personal
airlocks, the S/C manholes, the machine hatches, etc. [...] The value of
1%/h was chosen by ENEA because of the possible highly damaged conditions of
the Fukushima NPPs due to the BDB [Beyond Design Basis] earthquake.

> Table 7. Cumulative Source Term (Bq) TEPCO MELCOR

Pu-241 Total = 1.2E+12 (1,200,000,000,000 Bq)

> Table 7. Cumulative Source Term (Bq) ENEA RASCAL 4.2

Pu-241 Unit 1 = 6.52E+13 (65,200,000,000,000 Bq)
Pu-241 Unit 2 = 1.86E+14 (186,000,000,000,000 Bq)
Pu-241 Unit 3 = 2.67E+13 (26,700,000,000,000 Bq)
Pu-241 Total = 2.78E+14 (278,000,000,000,000 Bq)

Environmental Science & Technology (American Chemical Society), July 11,
2014: [S]tandard alpha spectrometry techniques [...] are not able [...] to
measure 241Pu.

Boreal Environment Research (pdf), Feb. 28, 2014: The 241Pu isotope was
introduced into the environment from [...] accidents that released nuclear
reactor fuel, such as [...] the 2011 Fukushima catastrophe. As compared with
other Pu isotopes in the environment that are alpha-emitting and long-lived,
241Pu is a short-lived isotope with a half-life of 14.35 years [...] 241Pu
decays to the alpha emitter 241Am, that has a much longer half-life (432.2
years) and is highly radiotoxic when it is incorporated into either the
human or animal body. [...] The 241Pu isotope has been studied less
extensively than the α-emitting Pu isotopes for several reasons. Activity
concentration of 241Pu cannot be determined from the same alpha spectrum as
the Pu isotopes 238, 239, and 240, and extra effort is needed in order to
analyze 241Pu concentration of a sample. Actually, 241Pu emits alpha
particles, but they have so low probability (0.002%) that 241Pu cannot be
measured directly by α-spectrometry [...]

See also: Japan TV: Radiation release during 'venting' was up to 500 times
larger than thought for Fukushima reactor -- Surprising surge in
radioactivity before explosions (VIDEO)

Christina MacPherson | August 8, 2014 at 7:05 am | Categories:
Fukushima 2014 | URL: http://wp.me/phgse-hQz

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