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EM Fields and Cancer FAQs
These twp FAQ sheets were posted to sci.med.physics,
sci.answers, and news.answers on 17-April-95.
FAQs on Power-Frequency Fields and Cancer
Archive-name: powerlines-cancer-FAQ
Last-modified: 1995/4/17
Version: 2.8.1
Maintainer: jmoulder@its.mcw.edu
FAQs on Static Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer
Archive-name: static-fields-cancer-FAQ
Last-modified: 1995/2/21
Version: 1.4
Maintainer: jmoulder@its.mcw.edu
E-mail, FTP, gopher and WW socurces are listed below, along with abbreviated
tables of contents.
-------------
FAQs on Power-Frequency Fields and Cancer
Revisions (v2.8.1, 17-Apr-95) Expanded to 8 parts. Numbers on the
radiative output of a powerline added to Q5. The issue of how the
presence of transients and harmonics would affect the plausibility of
biophysical mechanisms is addressed briefly in Q18D. Another example of
publication bias was added to Q21D. The issue of multiple comparison
artifacts in epidemiological studies was expanded as Q21E. Q22 has been
updated in view of unpublished reports that the gene transcription
studies cannot be replicated, and new reports of affects on tumor
growth. New refs added: Gurney et al, control group bias in the
wirecode studies; London et al, leukemia and electrical occupations;
Cantor et al, breast cancer and electrical occupations; Baum et al,
breast cancer promotion; Saffer et al and Lacy-Hulbert et al,
replication problems with the gene transcription studies; Brent et al, a
review of power-frequency fields and birth defects.
*SOURCES*
The primary anonymous FTP archive is:
cdmas.crc.mcw.edu/pub/powerlines_and_cancer
This archive contains both the posted 8-part version and a complete 1-
part version.
The FAQ sheet is archived in the following places:
Anonymous FTP and Gopher:
"rtfm.mit.edu"
Directory: /pub/usenet-by-group/news.answers/powerlines-cancer-FAQ
Files: part1, part2,... part8
E-mail server:
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu
-To get the current FAQ you would send the following message
send /pub/usenet-by-group/news.answers/powerlines-cancer-FAQ/part1
. . .
send /pub/usenet-by-group/news.answers/powerlines-cancer-FAQ/part8
On World Wide Web in the US at:
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/powerlines-cancer-FAQ
On World Wide Web in Europe at:
http://www.cs.ruu.nl/cgi-bin/faqwais
* Part1 *
Full table of contents, changes, sources, acknowledgments, etc.
* Parts 2 thru 5*
- Why is there a concern about powerlines and cancer?
- What is the difference between the electromagnetic (EM) energy
associated with power lines and other forms of EM energy?
- Why do different types of EM sources produce different biological
effects?
- What is difference between EM radiation and EM fields?
- How do non-ionizing EM sources cause biological effects?
- What sort of power-frequency fields are common in residences and
workplaces, and can they be reduced?
- What is known about the relationship between powerline corridors and
cancer rates?
- What is known about the relationship between "electrical occupations"
and cancer rates?
- Do laboratory studies indicate that power-frequency fields can cause
cancer?
- Do laboratory studies indicate that power-frequency fields have any
biological effects that might be relevant to cancer?
- Do power-frequency fields show any reproducible biological effects
in laboratory studies?
- What about the "new studies" showing a link between power-frequency
fields and cancer?
- What criteria do scientists use to evaluate this combination of
contradictory laboratory and epidemiological studies?
- If exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields does not explain the
epidemiological studies which show increased cancer incidence, what
could?
- What is the strongest evidence for and against a connection between
power-frequency fields and cancer?
- What studies are needed to resolve the cancer-EMF issue?
- Is there any evidence that power-frequency fields cause any human
health hazards, such as miscarriages and/or birth defects?
- Are there exposure guidelines for power-frequency fields?
- What effect do powerlines have on property values?
- How do you measure power-frequency magnetic fields?
- Should I buy a house next to a power line?
* Parts 6 thru 8 *
Annotated Bibliography
- Recent Reviews of the Biological and Health Effects of Power-
Frequency Fields
- Epidemiology of Residential and Occupational Exposure to Power-
Frequency Fields
- Human Studies Related to Power-Frequency Exposure and Cancer
- Biophysics and Dosimetry of Power-Frequency Fields
- Laboratory Studies of Power-Frequency Fields and Cancer
- Laboratory Studies of Power-Frequency Fields and Reproductive
Toxicity
- Regulations and Standards for Ionizing and Non-ionizing EM Sources.
end: powerlines-cancer-FAQ/part0
--------
This 3-part FAQ sheet (v1.3) was posted to sci.med.physics,sci.answers,
and news.answers on 12-Feb-95.
* Purpose
The purpose of this FAQ sheet is to examine the laboratory and
epidemiological evidence relevant to the issue of whether static (direct
current, DC) magnetic or electric fields cause or contribute to cancer
in humans.
*Sources
Same as power-freq FAQ, but three parts and the archive name is:
static-fields-cancer-FAQ
* Table of Contents
- Does anyone think that static magnetic fields cause cancer?
- When evaluating whether there might be a connection between EM fields
and cancer, can all EM fields be considered the same?
- When evaluating whether there might be a connection between static EM
fields and cancer, do we have to consider EM radiation as well as EM
fields, and do we have to consider the electric as well as the magnetic
component of the field?
- What units are used to measure static magnetic fields?
- What sort of static magnetic fields are common in residences and
workplaces?
- What is known about the relationship between occupational exposure to
static magnetic fields and cancer?
- How do scientists determine whether an environmental agent, such as a
static EM field causes or contributes to the development of cancer?
- How does the epidemiological evidence relevant to a connection between
static fields and cancer stand up to the Hill criteria?
- How could laboratory studies be used to help evaluate the possible
relationship between static magnetic fields and cancer?
- Are static magnetic fields genotoxic, do they enhance the effects of
other genotoxic agents, do have any biological effects that might be
relevant to cancer?
- Do static magnetic fields show any reproducible biological effects in
laboratory studies, and do fields of the intensity encountered in
occupational settings show reproducible biological effects?
- Are there known mechanisms that would explain how static magnetic
fields of the intensity encountered in occupational settings could cause
biological effects?
- How does the sum of the laboratory and epidemiological evidence
relevant to a connection between static magnetic fields and cancer stand
up to the Hill criteria?
- Have any independent bodies reviewed the research on static electric
and magnetic fields and possible human health effects?
- Do exposure standards for static electric and magnetic fields exist,
and what is their basis?
- Annotated bibliography
John Moulder (jmoulder@its.mcw.edu)
Maintainer: Powerlines & Cancer FAQs,
Static Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer FAQs
USENET: sci.med.physics, sci.answers, news.answers.
FTP://cdmas.crc.mcw.edu/pub
FTP://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/sci.answers
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet